database - Is banks overdraft penalty linked to technology limitations? -

i have been reading article data consistency in banking operations. author highlights fact that, differently common thinking, banks adopt base (basically available, soft state, consistent) transactions assure high availability service.

in nutshell, transactions written down in different partition allow quick response, , database consistency performed afterwards.
instance, when withdraw money atm, aim money possible. so, transaction operation stored separately, money released , afterwards take care apply transaction database , make consistent.
because of technical limitation in communication: wouldn't possible provide responsive service if acid(atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) transactions used.

of course means there may inconsistencies: money withdraw can more available ones, , have no way know in advance, before transaction made consistent. , here comes overdraft penalty, fee pay "over-withdrawing".

question is: did banks introduce "overwithdrawing" trick because aware since beginning of limitations had face? sort of hack overcome technical communication problems , provide availability @ same time? or way "make money" have been introduced anyway?

it looks me in case both of options equally worth it. mean, can both quite boost revenue.

i think banks came system there no checks @ all. upon withdrawal received loan bank withdrawal took place. later loan cancelled against credit on account already.

credit card transactions credit card coupled bank account still work way. month money not withdrawn bank-account.

it makes sense loan without collateral more expensive loan collateral, hence overdraft penalty.